ASSESSMENT OF THE PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF ORGANIC MATERIALS IN SOLAR POWER PLANTS
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Abstract
The article analyzes the problems, achievements, prospects and rates of development of thin-film photovoltaics based on the use of various organic compounds. The necessity of multi-criteria comparative analysis of these solar energy advanced technologies and materials is justified to ensure a compromise between the technical and economic efficiency of their design, implementation, use and the environment-oriented issues. The results of studies of the life cycles of photovoltaic devices with an active layer based on high-molecular and low-molecular donor-acceptor organic compounds obtained using solution and vacuum technologies are summarized. The technical, operational and environmental criteria for evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of thin-film organic solar cells and modules at various stages of their life cycle are systematized. Recommendations are given for optimizing the environmental-oriented selection of organic solar cells, taking into account the specifics of their purpose, operating conditions and regional preferences in the field of energy, environmental and technological security. The application of analytic hierarchy process and Monte Carlo method for the implementation of statistically reliable multivariate selection of organic photovoltaic devices and power plants based on them, taking into account environmental and other constraints, is considered. The ecological and technical ratings of the most promising photovoltaic systems of this type are calculated and their optimal type is identified, which can compete with photovoltaic cells on inorganic thin films. Computer experiments were carried out to compare the complex competitiveness of the best organic solar modules with their thin-film analogues based on cadmium telluride. The perspective directions of development of the used optimization approach in the field of photovoltaic segment of solar energy are formulated.
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