DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK IN THE FIELD OF PRESERVATION OF THE CULTURAL HERITAGE OF HISTORICAL SETTLEMENTS AND CITIES

Abstract

The article presents the results of the review and analysis of normative and scientific literature, reflecting the domestic and international legal framework in the field of preserving the cultural heritage of historical settlements and cities. The study focuses on the process of formation of the concepts of "historical settlement" and "historical city" in the framework of domestic and international monument protection legislation. An edition of the concept of a historical settlement is proposed.

Subject of research: legislative base in the field of preservation of cultural heritage.

Materials and methods: this paper uses a set of general scientific logical research methods based on the analysis and systematization of data identified in the scientific and regulatory literature, information resources of developers and the media..

Results: according to the results of the study, it was found that the definition of the concept of "historical settlement", which is currently given in the Federal Law N 73-FZ "On the protection of cultural heritage objects (monuments of history and culture) of the peoples of the Russian Federation" needs to be adjusted and clarified. A new definition of the concept of "historical settlement" is proposed.

Conclusion: from the moment the concept of “historical settlement” appeared in the legislation of our country, certain approaches and mechanisms for their protection have been formed. These approaches, in addition to the basic Federal Law No. 73 “On objects of cultural heritage (monuments of history and culture) of the peoples of the Russian Federation”, are also reflected in the Town Planning and Land Codes of the Russian Federation. An open question is related to the sharp reduction in the list of historical settlements. At the moment, there are only 44 cities in the list of historical settlements of federal significance on the territory of the Russian Federation, despite the fact that there are actually several hundred historical cities. In conclusion, we note that special attention in the conservation of historical settlements should be paid to their further development, which should be in a balance between traditions and innovations, because the past, present and future should be connected in historical settlements.