PROBLEMS OF PRESERVING THE ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN HERITAGE OF BAKHCHISARAY

Abstract

The article conducted an analysis of existing literary theoretical works on the topic of research, as well as regulatory and legislative documentation in the field of preservation and modern use of cultural heritage objects. The existing state of objects of cultural heritage (monuments of architecture and urban planning) of Bakhchisaray is analyzed. The factors affecting the implementation of the task of preserving cultural heritage objects are considered. The problems of preserving the architectural and urban heritage of the city of Bakhchisaray are formulated.

The subject of the study. The current state of the monuments of architecture and urban planning of Bakhchisaray, as well as the analysis of the legislation in the field of preservation of cultural heritage.

Materials and methods. The solution of tasks set in the article was carried out on the basis of an empirical and theoretical research method using general scientific research methods. The material was Internet resources, literary sources, as well as the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation. Investigation studies (visual method) and photofixation of objects of cultural heritage in Bakhchisarai were carried out.

Results: measures to protect monuments from destruction can be divided into two types: firstly, protection from human impact and, secondly, monitoring of natural destruction, since natural and anthropogenic factors are the main causes of destruction of urban planning and architecture.

Conclusions: Based on the analysis of literary and regulatory documents on the topic of the study, the conclusion was concluded: the protection of monuments, cultural heritage is an important task of government bodies, public organizations. During the analysis of the objects of the cultural heritage of Bakhchisaray, it was revealed that the city has an extremely rich historical and cultural architectural and urban-planning heritage. Each monument is unique and reflects the architectural, urban planning, aesthetic, cultural traditions of the time of its construction. The physical condition of more than half of the monuments of history and culture of the city of Bakhchisaray continues to deteriorate. In this regard, it is necessary to develop a project of security zones for all cultural heritage sites with subsequent stiff state regulation of compliance with the regime of use of these territories. The main objective of modern society is to ensure the preservation of cultural heritage objects so that they can be seen firsthand, and not to be studied by documents, photographs or memoirs of eyewitnesses.