INFLUENCE OF LEAD SALT CONCENTRATION IN HYDROBORFLUORIDE ELECTROLYTE ON ITS OPERATING AND ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS DURING ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESSING OF WASTE AUTOMOTIVE BATTERIES
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Annotation. The effect of the compositions of hydrofluoride electrolytes on the electrochemical processing of used lead-acid batteries has been studied. It is shown that by changing the concentration of lead salt from 30 to 100 g / l, it is possible to reduce the toxicity level of emissions of harmful substances into the environment during the electrochemical disposal of used batteries by 2 times, and also to increase the rate of processing of SCA in hydrofluoric electrolytes.
Subject of research: electrochemical processing of used lead-acid batteries.
Materials and methods: experimental studies based on the determination of the permissible current density, the rate of lead extraction, the energy consumption for its extraction, the current yield of lead, the emissions of fluorides and lead into the atmospheric air, the systematization of the data obtained.
Results: for the first time the dependence of emissions of fluorine and lead compounds into the atmosphere on the composition of electrolytes for the processing of SCA based on hydrofluoric acid was studied.
Conclusions: an increase in the concentration of lead salt in the proposed composition of hydrofluoride electrolyte reduces the release of specific emissions of fluorides and lead per ton of lead released by 2.2 times as compared to the previously known electrolyte due to an increase in the rate of the SCA processing process by 2 times. An electrolyte with an increased concentration of lead salts gives 2 times lower concentrations of toxic substances at the border of the SPZ (1000 m). With such a production volume (20 thousand tons), the concentrations of fluorides and lead emitted from the surface of electrolytes do not exceed environmental standards, which indicates the possibility of using both electrolyte compositions in practice.
Article Details
References
GN 2.2.5.3532-18 Maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of harmful substances in the air of the working area. M .: Ministry of Health of Russia. 2018.204 p.
Fesina MI Information analysis of innovative technologies for the recycling of car batteries / MI Fesina [et al.] // Vector science Togliat. state un-that. 2015. No. 3. Part 1. р. 135-140.
In the lead market in 2019, a deficit is forecasted instead of an excess - 10/30/19 / News / Metal "Index" [Electronic resource]. M.: IIS "Metal supply and sales". Access mode: https://www.metalinfo.ru/
Isaeva-Partsvania N. V., Serdyuk A. I., Dubovik I. V., Kozlovskaya T. F., Zhadan A. P. Extraction of lead from lead-containing battery plates by the electrochemical method // Bulletin of the Kremenchutsk State Polytechnic University. Kremenchuk. 2005. No. 2/2005 (31). р. 95-98.
Nazarova M.V. Problems of using environmentally friendly electrolyte for the processing of car batteries / M.V. Nazarova, A.I. Serdyuk, S.P. Zyryanov // Journal "Modernization and Scientific Research in the Transport Complex". Publisher: Perm National Research Polytechnic University (Perm). 2018.р. 82-85.
Yalalova M.M. Prediction of air pollution by fluorides and lead during electrochemical processes of battery processing. / Yalalova M.M., Serdyuk A.I. // Real estate cadastre and monitoring of natural resources 4th International scientific and technical Internet conference / edited by I.A. Basova. Publishing house: TulSU. 2019. р. 71-74.
Nazarova V.V., Dmitrovich A.V. Investigation of the intensity of gas evolution at electrodes and fluoride emission during processing of lead-acid batteries in order to determine the safe process parameters / V.V. Nazarova, A.V. Dmitrovich // Bulletin of Donbass National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture. Makeevka, 2011.р. 45-51.
Tishchenko N.F. Protection of atmospheric air. Calculation of the content of harmful substances and their distribution in the air. Ref. ed. Moscow: Chemistry, 1991.368 p.
MUK 4.1.1342-03 Measurement of the mass concentration of hydrofluoride (hydrogen fluoride) in the air of the working area by the photometric method. M.: Ministry of Health of Russia. 2003.11 p.
MU 2013-79 Guidelines for the photometric determination of lead and its compounds in air. M.: Ministry of Health of Russia. 1979.25 p.
Yalalova MM Development of ways to purify flushing waters of galvanic production from lead compounds / Yalalova MM, Soldatov SA, Serdyuk AI // Scientific and technical. magazine "Construction and Technogenic Safety". Simferopol: FGAOU VO "KFU named after IN AND. Vernadsky ". 2019. No. 14 (66). р. 113 - 120.
Yalalova M.M. Industrial safety in the operation of boron fluoride electrolyte for the disposal of lead-acid batteries / M.M. Yalalova, A.I. Serdyuk // Transport. Transport facilities. Ecology". Perm: PNRPU. 2019. No. 1. P. 70-77.
OND-86. Goskomgidromet. Methodology for calculating the concentration in the atmospheric air of harmful substances contained in the emissions of enterprises. L.: Hydrometeoizdat. 1987.94 р.
SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1200-03 Sanitary protection zones and sanitary classification of