HYBRID WIND-SOLAR OFFSHORE POWER PLANTS
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Abstract
Abstract. The paper deals with an analysis of the problem of instability of power output from renewable energy sources and finding possible solutions. Advantages of developing hybrid power plants in particular wind-PV plants are shown. Major engineering decisions in developing wind-PV power plants are reviewed. It was shown referring to several examples that mounting of PV arrays upon conventional wind rotors is hardly effective due to essential reasons. A schematic of the large-scale wind offshore power plant having vertical axis turbine is briefly described. Mounting of PV arrays upon top ring surface of this turbine seems a promising solution. Its advantages, e.g. improved power efficiency of the PV cells due to increased heat flow from their surfaces are presented. Two configurations of mounting of PV modules on the wind rotor, corresponding connection diagrams, and current collector unit are described. Workflow of the hybrid power plant is explained. Basic characteristics of the hybrid wind-PV power plant are derived in preliminary calculations. Their results yield 19,300 MWh of annual energy output from wind turbine and 572 MWh of annual energy output from the combined PV cells mounted on the wind turbine top. It is shown that PV cells provide enough energy to power drives of blade rotation as well as for all other self needs so requirements to capacity of expensive electric accumulators are decreasing.
Subject: New types of hybrid solar-wind power plants and their power efficiency
Materials and methods: The research has theoretic and methodological foundations in works of Russian and foreign scientists in area of renewable energy. Analytic research methods are used. They include models of incident solar radiation originated by Hey and Clacher as well as the Veibull distribution for calculation of the probability of a wind velocity.
Results: A problem of instability of power output from renewable energy sources was analyzed. It was shown that developing of hybrid power plants in particular wind-PV plants is actual and effective solution of this problem. However, combining of PV plant with conventional wind plants does not give a required positive effects due to some reasons. Wind energy marine unit with an extended top ring surface was considered as an alternative design. This surface fits to mount PV cells. Results of preliminary calculations of power parameters of the hybrid offshore wind-PV power plant show that if wind turbine diameter is 200 m, its annual energy output is 19,300 MWh while PV cells mounted on the turbine’s top provide 572 MWh annually.
Conclusions: Instability of renewable energy sources is a serious problem having a strong impact on energy costs. The problem can be mitigated essentially through using of hybrid power plants, especially wind-PV plants. However, hybridization with conventional types of wind turbines does not provide a significantsynergy. Mounting PV modules upon a top ring of large-scale wind energy marine unit seems a promising solution. It is advantageous also since power efficiency of PV cells is increased due to improved heat flow from the cells. Despite the fact that PV cells provide only about 3% of total power capacity, it is enough to power drives of blade rotation as well as all other self needs of wind power plant.
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